Retinal Vein Occlusion

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) happens when a blood clot blocks one of the veins that carries blood away from the retina. This blockage causes blood and fluid to leak into the retina, leading to swelling and vision loss. There are two types: branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), affecting a smaller vein, and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), affecting the main retinal vein. Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, glaucoma, and hardening of the arteries. Treatment focuses on managing complications like macular edema with anti-VEGF injections and, in some cases, laser therapy.